How urban renewal in megacity influences jobs-housing spatial relationship in industrial park: a case study of Caohejing Development Zone

Taking Shanghai Caohejing Development Zone as a case study, this paper explores the influencing factors of jobs-housing spatial relationship in industrial park in megacity under the background of urban renewal, in order to provide some policy suggestions for planning response. Firstly, the distribution of the employees' residence places is measured by using mobile phone signaling data, as well as the evolution of jobs-housing spatial relationship. Secondly, commuting time is calculated via Internet map API. Comparing with the surrounding housing supply, bivariate local spatial autocorrelation is used to verify influence of urban renewal on the evolution of jobs-housing spatial relationship. It is found that the influence of urban renewal is formed by the combined effects of employment opportunities, housing opportunities and commuting time costs. The industrial transformation in industrial park has created a large number of employment opportunities and brought a large-scale replacement of employees. If urban renewal fails to provide new housing opportunities in nearby area at the same time, and rail transit expands the space area corresponding to acceptable commuting time cost, the jobs-housing spatial relationship will change drastically. An "enclave" form of "long-distance rail transit matching" comes into being. Finally, two planning suggestions are proposed for the urban renewal of industrial park. First, it is necessary to provide simultaneous new housing opportunities in industrial park and its surrounding areas during the urban renewal. Second, it is necessary to pay attention to the role of rail transit. Multiple lines of rail transit can relieve the change of jobs-housing spatial relationship.