Abstract
The emergence of urban slums in Jakarta have had always been an interesting case study as the paradox of chaotic and unhealthy spaces could still provide a sense of belonging and community to its people. Unfortunately, many of the government policies fail to solve the worsening condition of urban slums in the city. Further entangled by contemporary global issues such as the global COVID-19 pandemic, climate change, and the ongoing land subsidence of Jakarta, changes in policies have become more necessary / urgent than ever. This proposal aims to explore possible alternatives to revitalize urban slums and integrate them into the larger urban development context. An urban settlement is considered a slum when it could not comply with the five essential indicators as written by Indonesia’s Ministry of Public Works and Public Housing (PUPR). Those five indicators consist of non-economic vitality, economic vitality, land ownership, proper infrastructure, good governance, and handling priority. Currently, many urban slums suffer from a lack of proper governance and incoherent city planning visions which results in a poor living quality for its inhabitants. The continuous focus on short-term policing only exacerbates the overall treatment of the slums. It creates an ongoing conflict of interests between the government and the residents. Changes need to happen within the policy-making process to solve these recurring issues. An integral part of it is the practice of participatory planning. While the concept itself is nothing new within the discourse of contemporary urban planning, it is still hardly executed especially in a developing country. A collaboration scheme for the selected case study will reflect on the grassroots development initiative framework as discussed in the book of Handmade Urbanism (Rosa and Weiland, 2013). The selected case study is one of the slums in the northern part of Jakarta, namely Kampong RW09 in Rawa Badak Selatan. Analysis of the existing context was done by conducting field observation and desk study. The key issues in this area include the lack of proper public spaces, poor sanitation infrastructure, sinking land, and improper housing quality. These problems are worsened by the negligence of the government as the future zoning plan in this area shows that the slums will eventually be replaced by a highway. Fighting to keep the neighborhood in place, the proposal aims to elevate the living quality of the people by revitalizing the spatial structure without losing the existing social fabric in the community while proposing to reroute the planned highway in the macro context. The main concepts that envelop the vision are (1) the re-establishment of social and spatial connection, (2) conservation of natural and social fabric, and (3) collaboration between stakeholders to realize / actualize a participatory planning system. Each concept developed into a design toolbox that would help guide the spatial interventions. The implementation of the design strategies of these three concepts is enriched with a rolling development framework and land consolidation concept as an integral part of the phasing plan. The proposed system acts as interdependent modules that could be replicated to other slums in Jakarta with similar issues. If proven successful, the proposal could be further developed as a regulatory framework that acts as a guideline to prevent the tragic outcome of other unregulated Kampoengs. Keywords : urban slum; participatory planning; urban revitalization; regulation framework
